Monday, November 18, 2013

Gravity (movie)

It seems like the entire space and astronomy community is talking about Gravity. It is indeed a great film you should watch it in 3D. The new film, directed by Alfonso Cuaron, presents Sandra Bullock and George Clooney as two astronauts who got stuck outside their spaceship. During a routine service mission to the Hubble Space Telescope, the Russians sent a missile to destroy an old satellite (something the Chinese has actually done in the past). The debris' cloud spreads quickly and destroys Bullock and Clooney's space shuttle. The ISS team abandon it, and so does the Chinese in their Tiangong station. Our heroes are left alone to find their long way home.

The film is minimalistic. Bullock and Clooney are the only actors. There are some voices like Ed Harris as the capcom (Harris played flight director Gene Kranz in Apollo 13) but the most astonishing thing is the view of Space. I was very happy to see that one of the first places seen clearly on Earth is my country, Israel, together with the Sinai desert and Egypt.

Is the film realistic? The danger of debris is real. Of course there are errors in the film and you can search and find a whole list of them on the net. The debris cloud speed is too high and in this speed it will not orbit the Earth but continue to outer space. Hubble ,the ISS and Tiangogng, are in entirely different orbits and it is hard to go from one to another and so on. There is no point to search for errors, the point is to enjoy the film and the feeling of actually being there in space hovering above Earth. In the film we go through most of the existing spaceships. A space shuttle (now retired), the ISS, a Soyuz spaceship and the Chinese Tiangong which is much bigger that the real thing. Astronauts said the the spacecrafts look very real with all the handles and the buttons in the correct places, and it certainly looks real to the audience.

There is a lot of physics in the film. Children from grades 4 to 12 can learn a lot from it. Newton's second law of motion is demonstrated throughout the entire film and all the following terms: mass, velocity, acceleration, force, moment, vector, drag, pressure, energy, friction, lift, elastic and so on, are in the film. A guided view of the film can help to teach all these terms with the entire laws of mechanics.

However if you do looking for errors you will find quite a few. Here are some:
  • The Hubble Space Telescope ,Tiangong and the ISS are in totally different orbits. They are not in the same height and not in the same place moving in tandem. It is impossible to move  from one to another like the astronauts do in the film.
  • The debris cloud is moving too fast. In that speed it will not orbit Earth but proceed deeper into space.
  • When Bullock removes her spacesuit, she has only regular clothes underneath. In reality, there are many more layers on an astronauts body.
  • The Tiangong (Chinese space station) is like it might be in ten more years, but maybe the film is in the future (The STS number is 157 and the last one was 135, of course space shuttle are retired now)
For a very long list of errors (With spoilers) look in the comment I received in Reddit.
Gravity. All the rights are reserve to Warner Bros.
Gravity. All the rights are reserve to Warner Bros.
During the film Bullock is trying to have a radio converstaion with someone named Anningaaq. This is a corss-refernce to a short movie (7 minutes only) of the director's son: Jonas Cuaron. Watch the short film here. This cross refrence reminded me the masterpiece book by Chinghiz Aitmatov: "The Day Lasts More Than a Hundred Years".


After saying all the above, I will repeat my recommendation to see this film. Not because of the reality and not due to screenplay. The real star is space itself. 3D or IMAX are a must. Gravity is joining the hall of fame of space movies and we will probably hear a lot the sentence: "And the Oscar goes to Gravity". 

Watch the official trailer.



Additional links











Sunday, November 3, 2013

Partial Solar Eclipse

Today, 3-Nov-2013 there was a total solar eclipse visible from central Africa. From Israel about 20% of the sun was covered by the moon at most, but still it was a great experience to observe and photographed. Please notice a band of sunspots in three regions at the lower part of the sun.
Needless to say, I used special filters for my eyes, camera and binoculars for the observation.
Here are some photos of the event.
Beginning of the eclispe
Beginning of the eclispe

Getting better
Getting better

The eclipse progress
The eclipse progress

The moon bites the sun
The moon bites the sun

A pac-man like sun
A pac-man like sun

Greatest partial eclipse
Greatest partial eclipse

What a view
What a view

Some minutes before the end of the eclipse
Some minutes before the end of the eclipse

The sun is almost whole again
The sun is almost whole again

Notice the sun color shift
Notice the sun color shift

And another atmospheric view
And another atmospheric view

The whole sun after the eclipse
The whole sun after the eclipse

sunset
sunset

Sunday, September 8, 2013

Spica Occultation

Spica is the brightest start in Virgo constellation. Its distance from Earth is about 236 light years and its magnitude is around +1. Spica is near the ecliptic and the moon occults Spica quite often. Today (8-Sep-2013) was such an occultation visible from Israel starting 15:11 (UTC). In Israel, the occultation started during the day, but that was no reason not to observe it since stars as bright as Spica are visible through a telescope! The disappearance of a star is something like that, first you see it and a second later it is gone! The reappearance was far better. The sun already set and the moon looked very well through the telescope with all its craters and mountains. Suddenly a white bright dot appeared and got further away from the moon in each second
Here is a short video of it. The video is photographed through a telescope but without tracking (It is hard to perform proper tracking without seeing the north star -Polaris). Also the air is very hot making lots of turbulence but lets just enjoy what we have


to make it even better Venus is nearby. There will be a Venus occultation this day as well visible from south America. In the USA there will be a very close conjunction between the moon and Venus.

Here is a photo of all three celestial bodies: Venus, the moon and Spica. 
Venus  (top) The moon and Spica
Venus  (top) The moon and Spica



Related links:

Friday, July 12, 2013

Cassini's images

The Cassini spaceship is orbiting Saturn for many year now and always manage to amaze. On the 19th of July Cassini will take a photograph of planet earth while Saturn blocks the sun. This will be a reproduction of the iconic photo from 2006 and a good chance to compare and see any difference. You can watch the 2006 photo in the following article together with many more photos of earth from space.
To celebrate the event I've collected some of the best photos of Cassini from 2012-2013. There many more and it is hard to choose from. Enjoy! Credit to all photographs is to NASA.



Saturn and Titan
Saturn and Titan

Enceladus looks like a popped balloon.

Enceladus
Enceladus

A huge storm on Saturn

A huge storm on Saturn
A huge storm on Saturn

A closeup of Enceladus. Jets of gases are vaporizing into outer space

A closeup of Enceledus
A closeup of Enceladus

Two tiny moons: Prometheus and Pandora

Prometheus and Pandora
Prometheus and Pandora


The surface of the moon Rhea. Rhea is one of the moons that can be seen with even a small telescope from earth.
Rhea
Rhea


Is this river Nile? Might be an old river on the surface of Titan

Saturn in the dark. Saturn covers the Sun, but the rings are lighted and reflect light back on Saturn which gives an extraordinary result.

Saturn in the dark
Saturn in the dark



שבתאי
Saturn



שבתאי
Saturn

Saturn shading its rings. Notice some tiny dot and the upper left area - a tiny moon.

Saturn shading its rings
Saturn shading its rings

This photo is the first photo of meteors not from Earth. Read more about these meteors.
Meteors striking Saturn
Meteors striking Saturn

This is not Saturn. This is Titan with little moon Dione with the rings as a background.

Titan with little moon Dione
Titan with little moon Dione

A vortex on Titan

A vortex on Titan
A vortex on Titan


And from another angle
A vortex on Titan
A vortex on Titan


And a closeup
A vortex on Titan
A vortex on Titan

Saturn is blocking the sun. At the upper left a small dot. This is not Earth but Venus.

Venus from Saturn
Venus from Saturn

Strange things happens on Saturn's north pole
Saturn's north pole
Saturn's north pole
You probably remember the incredible transit of Venus (well the whole site started from it). Anyway this is a Venus transit from Saturn. Read more here.

Venus transit from Saturn
Venus transit from Saturn
For further reading:
Saturn
More images from Cassini